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The Methodology of Evaluation of Air Quality Effect on Library and Archival Collections
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Součková, M. ; Paulusová, H. ; Bartl, B. ; Benešová, M. ; Ďurovič, M.
The aim of the project was a development of evaluation method for indoor air quality in libraries and archives, targeted at reduction of damages on archival collections caused by adverse effects of environment. The project included indoor/outdoor monitoring of particulate matter and gaseous pollutants at four libraries and archives representing different outdoor environments: Zlatá Koruna (rural area), Třeboň (small town), Teplice (industrial area), and Prague (large city). The adverse effects of deteriorated environment were studied by comparison of identical incunabules from these locations. Parallel to field studies the deterioration of paper caused by deposited dust particles was studied at laboratory conditions. In addition different methods of mechanical cleaning of paper were tested. Based on the results precautions reducing the adverse effects of outdoor air pollution were developed.
Fulltext:  PDF
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Dust in Libraries
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří
Indoor air pollution in libraries and archives can be harmful for materials stored there. Adverse effects of most of gaseous pollutants are well described, but less is known about dust. Dust particles cover a wide range of sizes and have a variable composition. These characteristics determine their transport to the surfaces and also possible harmful effects. Dust particles not only cause soiling, but coarse particles can damage surfaces by abrasion. Fine particles of acidic or alkaline character may penetrate into the books where they may cause chemical degradation or moistening due to their hygroscopicity. Dust particles in the indoor environment of libraries and archives are studied in a project which aim is a development of evaluation methods for indoor air quality, targeted at reduction of damages on archival collections caused by adverse effects of environment.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22014031914460 - PDF
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Hazardous substances in the work of metal conservator
Ottenwelter, Estelle
Conservator-restorers are exposed to hazardous substances (organic solvents, chemicals, dusts) in their daily work. Absorbed through inhalation, ingestion and by skin contact, these hazardous substances may cause acute toxicity and long term toxic effects if basic safety rules are not respected. After a brief summary of basic principles of toxicology, organ specific toxic effects encountered by chosen hazardous substances to which metal conservator may be exposed in their work and safety rules of handling and storing these substances are described.
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Evidence of tin coating on archaeological ferrous artefacts by voltammetry of microparticules (VMP)
Ottenwelter, Estelle ; Costa, V.
Voltammetry of microparticules (VMP) using a paraffinimpregnated graphite electrode (PIGE) to transfer material directly from the artefacts to an electrochemical cell, was applied on two objects from Medieval Ages covered by a grey metallic coating in a variable state of conservation and appearance as a non invasive analytical method to characterise artefacts. Results have shown that the light grey metallic surface layers observed on both objects present different chemical composition, which could be determined in a selective way, following their stratigraphical location of the artefacts.
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The restoration of the archaeological ceramics from polyculture funeral locality Vliněves 1999-2007
Svobodová, Ljuba
This paper presents the basic approach to the archaeological ceramics treatment. Described are the basic methods of ceramics conservation and restoration, like cleaning, joints searching, assembly and fixation, missing parts replacements, corrections of the shape and colour of the replacements, conservation, all recorded in the restoration report, which includes also the list of used materials, full photo documentation and the recommended climate control and regular inspections of the restored ceramics in the deposit storage. Practical demonstration on the ceramics, excavated on the site VLINĚVES (region Mělník) in the years 1999-2007.
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Pollutants in the Indoor Air in the Baroque Library Hall of the National Library in Prague
Mašková, Ludmila ; Smolík, Jiří ; Džumbová, Lucie ; Ondráček, Jakub ; López-Aparicio, S. ; Grontoft, T. ; Stankiewicz, J.
Indoor air pollution in the exhibition rooms is a serious risk to works of art stored there. In the Baroque Library Hall of the National Library we examined concentrations and compositions of aerosol particles, temperature, relative humidity and concentrations of gaseous pollutants CO2, O3, SO2, NO2, NH3, HNO3 and formic and acetic acids. Time variation of fine particles concentration indicated outdoor origin with traffic as the most probable source. The concentration of coarse particles revealed periodic increase and decrease, corresponding to beginning and end of visiting hours, indicating visitors as a source of these particles. The major water-soluble inorganic components of the fine particle mode were ammonium sulphate, nitrate, and ammonium, with indoor nitrate concentrations decreasing to zero. It was apparently caused by evaporation of ammonium nitrate after penetration indoors. This process also increased indoor concentrations of ammonia.
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